资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
外资机构观点趋于一致:看多中国经济 做多中国资产****** 随着A股2023年强势开局,外资唱多热情持续高涨,继高盛之后,摩根士丹利也加入了再次看涨A股和人民币的队伍。 据证券时报记者了解,不少外资机构对中国资产的看法更加乐观,认为新年行情值得期待。 开年以来北向资金加速流入也证实了这一点。2023年以来,北向资金净流入额超330亿元,自2022年11月以来的净流入额已接近1300亿元。 上调中国股票市场评级 华尔街大行高盛刚发布策略报告,将明晟中国指数12个月目标从70点上调至80点,摩根士丹利紧随其后,也将明晟中国指数的年底目标上调至80点。 1月9日,摩根士丹利分析师Laura Wang等人在最新报告中指出,2023年中国GDP和企业利润将加速增长,中国股市将成为全球表现最佳的股市。摩根士丹利维持增配明晟中国指数,并将该指数年底目标位从70点上调至80点。 摩根士丹利研报指出,2023年中国的GDP和企业利润将加速增长,同时内外部风险均下降,这或将推动相关估值进一步上涨。 明晟中国指数最新收盘报70.42点,自去年10月底最低点46.92点以来,已经累计反弹50%。摩根士丹利将该指数目标点位上调至80点,认为该指数还有超过10%的上涨空间。 去年12月,摩根士丹利上调中国股票在全球新兴市场中的评级至“超配”,这是该机构对中国股市维持近两年谨慎态度后做出的首度上调。 在进一步上调明晟中国指数目标位时,摩根士丹利指出,其正在对中国股权风险溢价(ERP)重新评估,不少因素证明属于A股的牛市周期已经开启。 对于人民币走势,摩根士丹利同样乐观。它认为,人民币到2023年底将升至1美元兑6.65元人民币,较当前水平上涨1.8%。 摩根士丹利中国首席市场策略师王滢表示,摩根士丹利目前对欧美股市、尤其美国市场较为谨慎,中国股市将成为下一阶段全球股市的领跑者,全球新兴市场都将有不错表现。“我们对中国股票市场评级上调,不仅仅是基于抗疫政策的调整。根据我们的历史经验,有七个主要类别因子,会在不同时间对股市产生较大影响,可以帮助我们更好捕捉股市的拐点。”她说。 王滢进一步分析,“尽管宏观经济和估值两大因子并不突出,但其余五大因子正同时向好转变,包括全球收紧的流动性在明年会有明显改善;中国政策周期向好;强势美元告一段落,人民币有望重新升值;中美双边关系改善;中国的监管框架已经整体确立。” 看多中国资产再成共识 随着中国经济的复苏预期不断增强,A股市场与人民币汇率强势表现,外资“真金白银”加码买进中国资产。 Wind数据显示,2023年以来,北向资金已净买入335.20亿元,其中1月5日净买入127.53亿元,这也是自2022年12月1日以来,北向资金再度单日净买入超百亿。实际上,自2022年11月以来,北向资金就已呈现出加速流入的势头,期间净买入额达1286.28亿元。 人民币汇率在此期间也强势反弹。2023年首个交易日,在岸及离岸人民币兑美元汇率盘中双双升破6.9关口。随后,人民币汇率持续反弹走强,截至1月10日16时30分,在岸人民币兑美元收盘报6.7772,新年以来已反弹逾1800点,累计涨幅达2.61%。 北向资金与人民币汇率共振,反映了外资机构对中国资产的普遍看好。高盛1月9日发布报告称,中国股市在年内有望上涨15%,人民币则料将升至去年4月以来的最高位。 高盛的策略报告称,将明晟中国指数的12个月目标从70点上调至80点,强调主要理由是整体估值较低,以及房地产、互联网监管和政策刺激等领域的多个支撑点。 此外,高盛预计到今年年底人民币兑美元将升至6.5,此前的预估值为6.9。 高盛策略团队认为:“在2023年的全球背景下,中国在经济增长、政策和通胀周期方面看起来处于有利地位。当前的市场背景让我们相信,继续减持或做空中国股票面临的风险明显高于做多中国股票。” 除高盛外,美国银行、汇丰银行、先锋领航等外资机构也看好2023年中国资产表现。 美国银行投资策略分析师曾指出2023年的十大交易趋势,其中的一大趋势便是做多中国股票。“中国有很高的超额储蓄,对中国股票仍然是反向做多交易策略。” 汇丰银行预测2023年中国GDP同比增速为5.0%,并显著调高了2024年中国GDP增速预测,从4.8%上调至5.8%。 先锋领航在最新发布的分析报告中指出,当前中国正致力于优化疫情防控措施、促进疫苗和药品研发、改善医院设施,这些手段有助于稳定经济,预计2023年3月之后,中国的整体经济将看到更为明显的反弹,中国2023年全年GDP的增速有望达到4.5%左右。 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |